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National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference

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National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference

中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会
14th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference
Type
Type
United front organ
Constitutional convention (Historical)
Legislature (Historical)
History
Founded9 October 1949 (1949-10-09)
Preceded byNational Assembly
Leadership
Main Organ
Plenary Session & Standing Committee of National Committee, CPPCC
Plenum of the CPPCC (Historical)
Structure
SeatsNC-CPPCC: 2169
NC-CPPCC Standing Committee: 324
NC-CPPCC political groups
  CCP, minor parties, and independents (544)

  People's organizations (313)
  Representatives of various groups (1076)

  Specially invited people (236)
NC-CPPCC Standing Committee political groups
  CCP, minor parties, and independents (193)

  People's organizations (30)
  Representatives of various groups (67)
  Specially invited people (33)

  Vacant (1)
Length of term
5 years
Meeting place
Great Hall of the People, Xicheng District, Beijing City, People's Republic of China
Website
www.cppcc.gov.cn Edit this at Wikidata
National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference
Simplified Chinese中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会
Traditional Chinese中國人民政治協商會議全國委員會
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinZhōngguó Rénmín Zhèngzhì Xiéshāng Huìyì Quánguó Wěiyuánhuì
Short form
Simplified Chinese政协全国委员会
Traditional Chinese政協全國委員會
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinZhèngxié Quánguó Wěiyuánhuì
Shortest form
Simplified Chinese全国政协
Traditional Chinese全國政協
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinQuánguó Zhèngxié

The National Committee of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference is the national-level organization that represents the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), the political advisory body in the People's Republic of China.

The CPPCC National Committee is composed of a chairman, several vice chairpersons, a secretary-general and regular members. The National Committee of the CPPCC typically holds a yearly meeting at the same time as plenary sessions of the National People's Congress (NPC). The CPPCC National Committee and NPC plenary sessions are collectively called the Quanguo Lianghui ("National Two Sessions"). When the CPPCC National Committee is not in session, the Standing Committee of the National Committee exercises most of its powers on its behalf.

History

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The 1st Session of the 1st CPPCC National Committee was held on 9 October 1949.[1]

Organization

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The National Committee is led by a chairman, currently Wang Huning, one of the highest-ranking offices in the country; since its establishment, all CPPCC chairpersons have been a member of the Politburo Standing Committee of the CCP except during transition periods, being at least its 4th-ranking member.[2][3] The chairman is assisted by several vice chairpersons and a secretary-general, who heads the National Committee's General Office; together, they make up the Chairperson's Council, which handles the day-to-day affairs of the Standing Committee and convenes its sessions on an average of at least one committee session per month, unlike the SC-NPC which holds its sessions bimonthy.[2][4] Council meetings coordinate work reports sent to the Standing Committee and the wider National Committee, review united front work, identify the issues to focus on during SC-NCCPPCC sessions and the annual general plenary, and highlight important ideological directions of the CCP.[2] It also presides over the preparatory meeting of the first plenary session of the next National Committee.[4]

The National Committee holds plenary sessions annually, though a session can be called by the National Committee's Standing Committee if necessary.[4] The plenary sessions are generally held in March, around the same date as the annual session of the National People's Congress; together, these meetings are termed as the Two Sessions.[5] During the Two Sessions, the CPPCC and the NPC hear and discuss reports from the premier, the prosecutor general, and the chief justice.[6]: 61–62  Every CPPCC plenary session makes amendments to the CPPCC charter, elects on every first plenary session the Standing Committee, which handles the regular affairs of the body, and adopts resolutions on the National Committee's "major working principles and tasks".[4] The Standing Committee is responsible for selecting deputies to the Conference, implementing the CPPCC's resolutions, and interpreting its official charter.[4] According to the CPPCC charter, the relationship between the National Committee and the local committees is "one of guidance".[7]

Membership

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The National Committee is composed of deputies from various sectors of society. Deputies of the National Committee are elected for five-year terms, though this can be extended in exceptional circumstances by a two-thirds majority vote of all deputies of the Standing Committee.[4]

The CCP and the aligned minor parties are assigned deputies in the National Committee. The Leading Party Members Group comprises the chairman and vice chairpersons who are CCP members, and is responsible for the implementation of the CCP Central Committee's policies.[8] Besides political parties, the NC-CPPCC has also deputies from various sectors of society in its ranks.[9] Members include scientists, academics, writers, artists, retired government officials, and entrepreneurs, among other sectors.[6]: 61  The parties and groups with elected deputies to the NC-CPPCC are as follows:[10]

National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference
Political parties and independents People's organizations Sectoral representatives Deputies with special status
  • Sector of Literature and Arts
  • Sector of Science and Technology
  • Sector of Social Sciences
  • Sector of Economics
  • Sector of Agriculture
  • Sector of Education
  • Sector of Sports
  • Sector of Press and Publication
  • Sector of Medicine and Health
  • Sector of International Friendship Activists
  • Sector of Social Welfare and Social Security
  • Sector of Environment and Resources
  • Sector of the Ethnic Minorities
  • Sector of Religious Bodies
  • Specially Invited Hong Kong Representatives
  • Specially Invited Macao Representatives
  • Other Specially Invited Dignitaries to the Conference

Standing Committee

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Main article: Standing Committee of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference

The Standing Committee of the National Committee performs the duties of the CPPCC in between plenary sessions of the National Committee. It is responsible for all actions taken by the whole of the National Committee of the Conference or by individual deputies of it. According to the bylaw, the Chairman of the National Committee is Chairman of the Standing Committee ex officio.[11][12][13]

Special Committees

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The National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference contains several Special Committees, which are headed by the Standing Committee. The Special Committees typically have around sixty individual members, including a chairperson and ten or more vice-chairs. Like the main Conference, the Special Committees include a wide range of deputies from the relevant sectors forming its membership.[2] The CPPCC National Committee currently has 10 Special Committees organized similarly to that of the Standing Committee:[10]

  1. Committee for Handling Proposals
  2. Committee for Economic Affairs
  3. Committee for Agriculture and Rural Affairs
  4. Committee of Population, Resources and Environment
  5. Committee of Education, Science, Culture, Health and Sports
  6. Committee for Social and Legal Affairs
  7. Committee for Ethnic and Religious Affairs
  8. Committee for Liaison with Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan and Overseas Chinese
  9. Committee of Foreign Affairs
  10. Committee on Culture, Historical Data and Studies

Publication

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The People’s Political Consultative Daily (人民政协报) is the official newspaper of the National Committee of the CPPCC.[14]

Social organizations

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The CPPCC National Committee has three national social organizations under its jurisdiction:

  • China Economic and Social Council
  • China Religious Peace Committee
  • Theoretical Research Association of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference

References

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  1. ^ "1st Session of the 1st National Committee of the CPPCC" (PDF). The Common Program of the People's Republic of China 1949-1954. Retrieved 6 March 2024.
  2. ^ a b c d Cole, J. Michael; Hsu, Szu-chien (30 July 2020). Insidious Power: How China Undermines Global Democracy. Eastbridge Books. pp. 3–39. ISBN 978-1-78869-213-7.
  3. ^ Joske, Alex (9 June 2020). "The party speaks for you: Foreign interference and the Chinese Communist Party's united front system". Australian Strategic Policy Institute. JSTOR resrep25132. Archived from the original on 9 June 2020. Retrieved 9 June 2020.
  4. ^ a b c d e f "Charter of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), Chapter IV: National Committee". Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. 27 December 2018. Archived from the original on 11 January 2023. Retrieved 11 January 2023.
  5. ^ Davidson, Helen (1 March 2023). "Explainer: what is China's 'two sessions' gathering, and why does it matter?". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 31 March 2023. Retrieved 4 March 2023.
  6. ^ a b Li, David Daokui (2024). China's World View: Demystifying China to Prevent Global Conflict. New York, NY: W. W. Norton & Company. ISBN 978-0393292398.
  7. ^ "Charter of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), Chapter II: General Organizational Principles". Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. 27 December 2018. Archived from the original on 31 October 2023. Retrieved 14 September 2023.
  8. ^ "中国共产党中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会党组". www.cppcc.gov.cn. Retrieved 23 February 2025.
  9. ^ "Charter of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference". Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. Archived from the original on 2 January 2018. Retrieved 1 January 2018.
  10. ^ a b "The CPPCC". Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. Archived from the original on 14 August 2023. Retrieved 14 August 2023.
  11. ^ "中国政协的主要职能和开展工作的主要方式_人民政协_中国政府网". www.gov.cn. Archived from the original on 31 March 2024. Retrieved 31 March 2024.
  12. ^ "中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会". www.cppcc.gov.cn. Archived from the original on 31 March 2024. Retrieved 31 March 2024.
  13. ^ "中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会常务委员会工作规则". www.hunanzx.gov.cn. Retrieved 31 March 2024.
  14. ^ "人民政协报 – 数字报大全 – 云展网". www.yunzhan365.com. Archived from the original on 31 March 2024. Retrieved 31 March 2024.
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